Born in 1978, the daughter of Judge John Rylance QC, a circuit judge, she was educated at St Paul's Girls' School, London, Downe House School, Berkshire, and St Edward's School, Oxford.

Georgina Rylance's first screen role was in Howard Davies's television movie Armadillo (2001) as "Amabel". She played Rachel Kelly in 2005's The Government Inspector, Suza in 2005's film 7 Seconds, Helena in Spartacus (a TV movie for USA Network, 2004) and Marion Waldo in ABC's thirteen-part TV series of Dinotopia. Other television appearances include Manchild, Keen Eddie, As If, The Inspector Lynley Mysteries and New Tricks.

In 2008, she met Canadian Doctor Greg Bailey in Los Angeles and in 2009 was living with him in an apartment in Knightsbridge, London. The same year, she spent a month in Antarctica and several weeks in Peru, working in an orphanage.

In 2011, she did a tandem skydive to raise money for CRISIS charity.

In 2015, her father announced Rylance's engagement to Giuseppe (Peppe) Ciardi, and their son Teodoro was born in February 2016. She is not a close relative of the actor and Director Mark Rylance but believes that, since both their families come from the same places in Lancashire and France, they may be cousins. Georgina Rylance played the on-screen daughter of Mark Rylance in the 2005 movie The Government Inspector.